2017年考研英語二試題及答案解析
緊張的2021考研初試英語科目考試已經結束了，高頓考研為大家整理了2017年全國碩士研究生入學統(tǒng)一考試英語（二）試題，大家可以對往年題型進行比較，希望對大家能夠有所幫助，以下就是《2017年全國碩士研究生入學統(tǒng)一考試英語（二）試題》。
Section I Use of English
Directions：
Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)
1People have speculated for centuries about a future without work.Today is no different，with academics，writers，and activists once again 1 that technology is replacing human workers.Some imagine that the coming work-free world will be defined by 2.A few wealthy people will own all the capital，and the masses will struggle in an impoverished wasteland..
2A different and not mutually exclusive 3 holds that the future will be a wasteland of a different sort，one 4 by purposelessness：Without jobs to give their lives 5，people will simply become lazy and depressed.6 today’s unemployed don’t seem to be having a great time.One Gallup poll found that 20 percent of Americans who have been unemployed for at least a year report having depression，double the rate for 7 Americans.Also，some research suggests that the 8 for rising rates of mortality，mental-health problems，and addicting9 poorly-educated middle-aged people is shortage of well-paid jobs.Perhaps this is why many 10 the agonizing dullness of a jobless future.
3But it doesn’t 11 follow from findings like these that a world without work would be filled with unease.Such visions are based on the 12 of being unemployed in a society built on the concept of employment.In the 13 of work，a society designed with other ends in mind could 14 strikingly different circumstances for the future of labor and leisure.Today，the 15 of work may be a bit overblown.“Many jobs are boring，degrading，unhealthy，and a waste of human potential，”says John Danaher，a lecturer at the National University of Ireland in Galway.
4These days，because leisure time is relatively 16 for most workers，people use their free time to counterbalance the intellectual and emotional 17 of their jobs.“When I come home from a hard day’s work，I often feel 18，”Danaher says，adding，“In a world in which I don’t have to work，I might feel rather different”—perhaps different enough to throw himself 19 a hobby or a passion project with the intensity usually reserved for 20 matters.
1.[A]boasting<B>denying[C]warning[D]ensuring
[答案][C]warning
2.[A]inequality<B>instability[C]unreliability[D]uncertainty[答案][A]inequality
3.[A]policy<B>guideline[C]resolution[D]prediction[答案][D]prediction
4.[A]characterized<B>divided[C]balanced[D]measured[答案][A]characterized
5.[A]wisdom<B>meaning[C]glory[D]freedom[答案]<B>meaning
6.[A]Instead<B>Indeed[C]Thus[D]Nevertheless[答案]<B>Indeed
7.[A]rich<B>urban[C]working[D]educated[答案][C]working
8.[A]explanation<B>requirement[C]compensation[D]substitute[答案][A]explanation
9.[A]under<B>beyond[C]alongside[D]among[答案][D]among
10.[A]leave behind<B>make up[C]worry about[D]set aside[答案][C]worry about
11.[A]statistically<B>occasionally[C]necessarily[D]economically[答案][C]necessarily
12.[A]chances<B>downsides[C]benefits[D]principles[答案]<B>downsides
13.[A]absence<B>height[C]face[D]course[答案][A]absence
14.[A]disturb<B>restore[C]exclude[D]yield
[答案][D]yield
15.[A]model<B>practice[C]virtue[D]hardship
[答案][C]virtue
16.[A]tricky<B>lengthy[C]mysterious[D]scarce
[答案][D]scarce
17.[A]demands<B>standards[C]qualities[D]threats
[答案][A]demands
18.[A]ignored<B>tired[C]confused[D]starved
[答案]<B>tired
19.[A]off<B>against[C]behind[D]into
[答案][D]into
20.[A]technological<B>professional[C]educational[D]interpersonal[答案]<B>professional
試題精析
1.[答案][C]warning考點：上下文語義理解
解析：空格之后的賓語從句部分“technology is replacing human workers.”結合選項，應該選擇warning。其他三項[A]boasting<B>denying[D]ensuring
均不符合此處的語境要求，故均排除。
2.[答案][A]inequality考點：上下文語義理解
空格單詞后面的句意看到了貧富對比，故作為上文對其進行概括關鍵應選擇inequality。
3.[答案][D]prediction考點：時態(tài)判斷
空格之后的內容“holds that the future will be a wasteland of a different sort，”該定語從句是對
空格詞匯的修飾與說明，既然文中用到了will這一個表示將來時態(tài)的助動詞，故答案為prediction。
4.[答案][A]characterized考點：后置定語+固定搭配
one 4 by purposelessness。其他三項均不符合，故排除。
5.[答案]<B>meaning考點：句間語義理解
Without jobs to give their lives 5，people will simply become lazy and depressed.空格所在句后面的表述與空格前的內容屬于并列關系，由逗號連接。答案選擇meaning。[A]wisdom[C]glory
[D]freedom這些選項都表示褒義色彩和后面lazy、depressed矛盾。
6.[答案]<B>Indeed考點：上下文邏輯關系
分析下四個選項可以看出并無體現因果關系故[A]Thus排除，另外instead，nevertheless表示轉折語意，但是上下文邏輯并無體現。故[A]Instead[C]Thus[D]Nevertheless均排除。
7.[答案][C]working考點：上下文語義理解
One Gallup poll found that 20 percent of Americans who have been unemployed for at least a year report having depression，double the rate for 7 Americans.根據上下文對比的語意對照應該選擇working。前面提到unemployed。此處在進行對比，故選擇表示反義呼應的詞working。
8.[答案][A]explanation
考點：句內語意理解+固定搭配
some research suggests that the 8 for rising rates of mortality，mental-health problems，and addicting 9 poorly-educated middle-aged people is shortage of well-paid jobs.
9.[答案][D]among
考點：句內語義理解、介詞辨析
很明顯應該指前者的發(fā)生范圍。瀏覽四個選項，among“在中”表示范圍，符合此處語義需要，故為答
案。
10.[答案][C]worry about
考點：上下文語義理解+句內語義理解
Perhaps this is why many 10 the agonizing dullness of a jobless future.
11.[答案][C]necessarily
考點：上下文邏輯關系+句內語義理解
But it doesn’t 11 follow from findings like these that a world without work would be filled with unease.But表示轉折語意。doesn't necessarily不一定。符合此處語意需要，故為答案。
12.[答案]<B>downsides
考點：上下文語義理解后置定語
Such visions are based on the 12 of being unemployed in a society built on the concept of employment.
答案的線索在于空格后面的介詞短語，后面提到being unemployed。這是貶義。其他選項均不符條件。
13.[答案][A]absence考點：詞匯復現
In the 13 of work，a society designed with other ends in mind could 14 strikingly different circumstances for the future of labor and leisure.
14.[答案][D]yield
考點：詞匯的一詞多義與搭配
In the 13 of work，a society designed with other ends in mind could 14 strikingly different circumstances for the future of labor and leisure.該空格所選詞匯的主語是a society賓語是different circumstances.根據主謂一致的原則應該選擇yield。語義為：產生。
15.[答案][C]virtue
考點：上下文語義理解
overblown.一詞為解題線索。含義：吹散吹倒表貶義。后面的內容Man y jobs are boring，degrading，unhealthy，and a waste of human potential，”says John Danaher，a lecturer at the National University of Ireland in Galway.是對這句話的進一步解釋，結合前后的上下文語義理解，應選擇virtue，其他選項均排除。
16.[答案][D]scarce考點：上下文語義理解
because leisure ti me is rel ativ ely 16 for mos t worker s，people us e their free ti me to counterbalance the intellectual and emotional 17 of their jobs.結合常識認知及上下文理解應該選擇scarce。
17.[答案][A]demands
考點：上下文語義理解
根據語義的要求，瀏覽選項，只有demands符合語義要求。
18.[答案]<B>tired
考點：上下文語義理解+常識
“When I come home from a hard day’s work，I often feel 18，”Danaher says，adding，“In a world in which I don’t have to work，I might feel rather different”.
19.[答案][D]into
考點：固定搭配+句內語義理解
perhaps different enough to throw himself 19 a hobby or a passion project with the intensity usually reserved for 20 matters.
“Throw oneself into”意思是：一頭扎進；投身于，積極從事
20.[答案]<B>professional考點：復現+呼應
perhaps different enough to throw himself into a hobby or a passion project with the intensity us ual ly res erved for 20 matters.此處空格處答案和前面的intensi ty形成呼應與關聯(lián)。故此處professional符合語義需要，入選。
Section II Reading Comprehension
Part A Directions：
Read the following four texts.Answer the questions below each text by choosing A,B,C or
D.Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.（40 points）
Text 1
1Every Saturday morning,at 9 am,more than 50,000 runners set off to run 5km around their local park.The Parkrun phenomenon began with a dozen friends and has inspired 400 events in the UK and more abroad.Events are free,staffed by thousands of volunteers.Runners range from four years old to grandparents;their times range from Andrew Baddeley's world
record 13 minutes 48 seconds up to an hour.
2Parkrun is succeeding where London's Olympic"legacy"is failing.Ten years ago on Monday,it was announced that the Games of the 30th Olympiad would be in London.Planning documents pledged that the great legacy of the Games would be to level a nation of sport lovers away from their couches.The population would be fitter,healthier and produce more winners.It has not happened.The number of adults doing weekly sport did rise,by nearly 2 million in the run－up to 2012－but the general population was growing faster.Worse,the numbers are now falling at an accelerating rate.The opposition claims primary school pupils doing at least two hours of sport a week have nearly halved.Obesity has risen among adults and children.Official retrospections continue as to why London 2012 failed to"inspire a generation."The success of Parkrun offers answers.
3Parkun is not a race but a ti me trial:Your only competi tor is the clock.The ethos welcomes anybody.There is as much joy over a puffed-out first-timer being clapped over the line as there is about top talent shining.The Olympic bidders,by contrast,wanted to get more people doing sports and to produce more elite athletes.The dual aim was mixed up:The stress on success over taking part was intimidating for newcomers.
4Indeed,there is something a little absurd in the state getting involved in the planning of such a fundamentally"grassroots",concept as community sports associations.If there is a role for government,it should really be getting involved in providing common goods－making sure there is space for playing fiel ds and the money to pave tennis and netball co ur ts,and encouraging the provision of all these activities in schools.But successive governments have presided over selling green spaces,squeezing money from local authorities and declining attention on sport in education.Instead of wordy,worthy strategies,future governments need to do more to provide the conditions for sport to thrive.Or at least not make them worse.
21.【題干】According to Paragraph1,Parkrun has.
【選項】
A.gained great popularity
B.created many jobs C．strengthened community ties D．become an official festival
【答案】A
【解析】由題干中的關鍵詞According to Paragraph 1,可以快速的定位到文中的第一段，第一段講了每周六大約有五萬多人都會在他們當地的公園里跑步，跑步的年齡跨度之大：從4歲的小朋友到祖父母年紀
的人都有；跑步所用的時間跨度也很大：從世界紀錄的13分48秒到一個小時。由此可見，這是一個全民運動，與A選項的great popularity相互對應，所以選A.其他選項，B創(chuàng)造了很多就業(yè)機會；C增強了社會的凝聚力；D成為一個官方的節(jié)日；這幾個選項原文中都沒有涉及，所以排除。
22.【題干】The author believes that London's Olympic"legacy"has failed to.
【選項】
A.boost population growth
B.promote sport participation
C.improve the city's image
D.increase sport hours in schools
【答案】B
【解析】可以發(fā)現原文中第二段第一句話Parkrun is succeeding where London’s Olympic“legacy”is failing與題干中的關鍵詞London’s Olympic“legacy”has failed to...對應，所以可以鎖定文章的第二段，從而找出解題的關鍵。第二段前半部分講了在最初的時候Olympic的目標，然而，事實卻事與愿違，...but the general population was growing faster.Worse,the numbers are now falling at an accelerating rate.由這句話可以看出，Olympic并沒有推動大眾的參與性，與預期的目標不符，所以選擇B。
23.【題干】Parkrun is different from Olympic games in that it.
【選項】
A.aims at discovering talents
B.focuses on mass competition
C.does not emphasize elitism
D.does not attract first-timers
【答案】C
【解析】由題干中的關鍵詞Parkrun is different from Olympic games in that...可以知道這是想考察Parkrun和Olympic的區(qū)別。追溯到原文，可以看到文中的第三段第一句話：Parkrun is not a race but a time trial.從這句話可以排除A和B，因為A和B都和競爭有關，D選項可以從這一段的這一句話：there is much joy over a puffed-out first-timer being clapped over the line as there is...可知，Parkrun有很多第一次參加的人，所以排除D.最后可以知道，答案選C，因為parkrun不是比賽，所以就不重視精英主義。
24.【題干】With regard to mass sport,the author holds that governments should.
【選項】
A.organize"grassroots"sports events
B.supervise local sports associations
C.increase funds for sports clubs
D.invest in public sports facilities
【答案】D
【解析】由題干中的關鍵詞the governments should...,可以知道，命題人想要考察的是對于Parkrun這一項大眾運動，政府應該做點什么。所以，考生要快速的定位到原文中有關政府的段落，即第四段，If there is a role for government,it should really be getting involved in providing common goods—making sure there is space for playing fields and the money to pave tennis and netball courts,and encouraging the provision of all these activities in schools.從這里可以知道，作者希望政府能夠為Parkrun提供場所和錢，并針對學校制定相關條例以鼓勵全民運動。由此可以排除A，B，C.最終選擇D。
25.【題干】The author's attitude to what UK governments have done for sports is.
【選項】A．tolerant B．critical C．uncertain D．sympathetic
【答案】B
【解析】由題干中的關鍵詞the author’s attitude to what UK government have done for sport可以再次鎖定原文中關于政府的部分，可見這一題與24題是有一定聯(lián)系的。第四段一開始作者提出了自己對政府的期許，但是事實上，政府卻沒有達到這一期許。But successive government have presided over selling green spaces,squeezing money from local authorities and declining attention on sport in education.政府負責賣地，從地方政府壓榨金錢，不重視學校的體育運動。可見，此處作者指責政府的一系列行為，由此可以得出答案B.tolerant:寬容的，容忍的；uncertain：含糊的，不確定的；sympathetic：同情的，贊同的。
Text 2
1With so much focus on children’s use of screens,it's easy for parents to forget about their own screen use.“Tech is designed to really suck on you in,”says Jenny Radesky in her study of digital play,"and digital products are there to promote maximal engagement.It makes it
hard to disengage,and leads to a lot of bleed-over into the family routine.”
2Radesky has studied the use of mobile phones and tablets at mealtimes by giving mother-child pairs a food-testing exercise.She found that mothers who sued devices during the exercise started 20 percent fewer verbal and 39 percent fewer nonverbal interactions with their children.During a separate observation,she saw that phones became a source of tension in the family.Parents would be looking at their emails while the children would be making excited bids for their attention.
3Infants are wired to look at parents’faces to try to understand their world,and if those faces are blank and unresponsive—as they often are when absorbed in a device－it can be extremely disconcerting foe the children.Radesky cites the“still face experiment”devised by developmental psychologist Ed Tronick in the 1970s.In it,a mother is asked to interact with her child in a normal way before putting on a blank * and not giving them any visual social feedback;The child becomes increasingly distressed as she tries to capture her mother’s attention."Parents don't have to be exquisitely parents at all times,but there needs to be a balance and parents need to be responsive and sensitive to a child’s verbal or nonverbal *s of an emotional need,"says Radesky.
4On the other hand,Tronick himself is concerned that the worries about kids'use of screens are born out of an“oppressive ideology that demands that parents should always be interacting”with their children:“It’s based on a somewhat fantasized,very white,very upper-middle-class ideology that says if you’re failing to expose your child to 30,000 words you are neglecting them.”Tronick believes that just because a child isn’t learning from the screen doesn’t mean there’s no value to it－particularly if it gives parents time to have a shower,do housework or simply have a break from their child.Parents,he says,can get a lot out of using their devices to speak to a friend or get some work out of the way.This can make them feel happier,which lets then be more available to their child the rest of the time.
26.【題干】According to Jenny Radesky,digital products are designed to.
【選項】
A.simplify routine matters
B.absorb user attention
C.better interpersonal relations
D.increase work efficiency
【答案】B
【解析】由題干中的關鍵詞Jenny Radesky,可以快速的定位到文中提到此人物的第一段第二行，接著題
干中說digital products are designed to..可以知道，考查的是數碼產品的目的，回歸到文中第一段第二行，可知Jenny Radesky說了這樣一句話：Tech is designed to really suck on you in,and digital products are there to promote maximal engagement.電子產品就是為了促進最大程度的參與性，由
此可以得出答案B為了吸引用戶的注意力。其余選項在Jenny Radesky的話中都沒有體現。
27.【題干】Radesky’s food-testing exercise shows that mothers’use of devices.
【選項】
A．takes away babies’appetite B．distracts children’s attention
C.slows down babies’verbal development
D.reduces mother-child communication
【答案】D
【解析】由題干中的關鍵詞food-testing exercise,mother’s use of devices.可以快速的定位到第二段第二行:She found that mothers who sued devices during the exercise started 20 percent fewer verbal and 39 percent fewer nonverbal interactions with their children.從這里可以知道，母親使用手機會減少20%的語言交流機會，39%的非語言交流。由此可以得出答案為D.減少了母親和孩子之間的交流。
28.【題干】Radesky’s cites the“still face experiment”to show that.
【選項】
A.it is easy for children to get used to blank *s
B.verbal *s are unnecessary for emotional exchange
C.children are insensitive to changes in their parents’mood
D.parents need to respond to children's emotional needs
【答案】D
【解析】本題目是具體細節(jié)題。題干中的關鍵詞Radesky和still face experiment定位到倒數第三段大寫R處，題目問實驗一定要找實驗結論，結論在本段最后一句的but之后，這里提到了parents need be to responsive...to.emotional need，父母需要對情感需求做出回應。正確答案D是原文的原詞復現。
干擾項A的blank *s是原文實驗里面的具體內容，非實驗表明；選項B是最后一句的個別詞干擾；選項C偷換概念，不是children are insensitive，而是parents。
29.【題干】The oppressive ideology mentioned by Tronick requires parents to.
【選項】
A.protect kids from exposure to wild fantasies
B.teach their kids at least 30,000 words a year
C.ensure constant interaction with their children
D.remain concerned about kid's use of screens
【答案】C
【解析】本題目為具體細節(jié)題。根據題干的關鍵詞oppressive ideology和大寫字母Tronick定位到最后一段的第一句話that之后。本句that后的demands對應題干的requires，說道“父母應該總是要交流”。正確選項C的constant interaction對應原文的always interacting。干擾項A的fantasies是定位句下一句中的個別詞干擾；選項B的30000words同樣是定位句之后的句子中提到的，而且是if的一個條件句；選項D的concerned是末段首句的concerned，但是偷換概念。
30.【題干】According to Tronick,kid’s use of screens may.
【選項】
A.give their parents some free time
B.make their parents more creative
C.help them with their homework
D.help them become more attentive
【答案】A
【解析】本題目為文中人物觀點的細節(jié)題。根據題干中的大寫字母Tronick及關鍵詞kid定位到最后一段的倒數第三句，破折號后面解釋了kid’s use of screens的具體目的。“it gives parents time to...”與正確選項A完全一致，屬于原文的原詞復現。干擾項B的creative并未提及；選項C的homework根據原文的house work進行干擾，原文是父母有時間做家務，而選項是幫助孩子做作業(yè)；選項D的attentive并未提及。
Text 3
1Today,widespread social pressure to immediately go to college in conjunction with increasingly high expectations in a fast-moving world often causes students to completely overlook the possibility of taking a gap year.After all,if everyone you know is going to college in the fall,it seems silly to stay back a year,doesn't it?And after going to school for 12 years,it doesn't feel natural to spend a year doing something that isn’t academic.
2But while this may be true,it’s not a good enough reason to condemn gap years.There's
always a constant fear of falling behind everyone else on the socially perpetuated“race to the finish line,”whether that be toward graduate school,medical school or lucrative career.But despite common misconceptions,a gap year does not hinder the success of academic pursuits－in fact,it probably enhances it.
3Studies from the United States and Australia show that students who take a gap year are generally better prepared for and perform better in college than those who do not.Rather than pulling students back,a gap year pushes them ahead by preparing them for independence,new responsibilities and environmental changes－all things that first-year students often struggle with the most.Gap year experiences can lessen the blow when it comes to adjusting to college and being thrown into a brand new environment,making it easier to focus on academics and activities rather than acclimation blunders.
4If you're not convinced of the inherent value in taking a year off to explore interests,then consider its financial impact on future academic choices.According to the National Center for Education Statistics,nearly 80 percent of college students end up changing their majors at least once.This isn’t surprising,considering the basic mandatory high school curriculum leaves students with a poor understanding of themselves listing one major on their college applications,but switching to another after taking college classes.It’s not necessarily a bad thing,but depending on the school,it can be costly to make up credits after switching too late in the game.At Boston College,for example,you would have to complete an extra year were you to switch to the nursing school from another department.Taking a gap year to figure things out initially can help prevent stress and save money later on.
31.【題干】One of the reasons for high-school graduates not taking a gap year is that.
【選項】
A.they think it academically misleading
B.they have a lot of fun to expect in college
C.it feels strange to do differently from others
D.it seems worthless to take off-campus courses
【答案】C
【解析】題目問的是高中畢業(yè)生不選擇間隔年原因之一是什么。根據題目中的high-school和gap year和定位到第一段第一句話。這句話后面一句的after all可以知道后面應該是解釋理由了，After all,if everyone you know is going to college in the fall,it seems silly to stay back a year,doesn't it?這句話是說如果大家秋天都上大學去了，你要是晚了一年看起來有點傻。這個句子等同于C選項中的feel strange to do differently from others，因此選C。
32.【題干】Studies from the US and Australia imply that taking a gap year helps.
【選項】
A.keep students from being unrealistic
B.lower risks in choosing careers
C.ease freshmen’s financial burdens
D.relieve freshmen of pressures
【答案】D
【解析】根據題目中的study from the Australia and US可以定位到第三段第一句話Studies from the United States and Australia show that students who take a gap year are generally better prepared for and perform better in college than those who do not.。這句話明確說了有間隔年的學生比沒有的要好，好在準備和表現上。所以A：unrealistic和B：choosing career不對。第二句在表現好的更細致地方面進行了描述：preparing them for independence獨立性,new responsibilities責任感and environmental changes環(huán)境變化。緊隨的破折號后總結說了這是first-year students一年級學生often struggle with the most常常有苦惱的。說明最受益的是大學一年級學生，而整段都沒提過financial burdens，所以C不對。而D中的pressure是對前面內容的概括性描述，因此答案是D。
33.【題干】The word“acclimation”（Line 8,Para.3）is closest in meaning to.
【選項】A．adaptation
B．application C．motivation D．competition
【答案】A
【解析】這題根據題干中給的信息，到第三段最后一句中去找答案，Gap year experiences can...when it comes to adjusting to college...,making it easier to...rather than acclimation blunders.這個句子分兩部分，逗號+making分詞作狀語，從功能上是解釋補充說明前面半句，所以間隔年的好處是能幫助新生調節(jié)適應大學，而不用擔心acclimation問題，所以acclimation當然就是適應的意思了。因此A為正確答案。
34.【題干】A gap year may save money for students by helping them.
【選項】
A.avoid academic failures
B.establish long-term goals
C.switch to another college
D.decide on the right major
【答案】D
【解析】文章最后一段第一句提到了consider its financial impact on future academic choices。Financial對應題干中的save money，而academic choices學術選擇可以排除A和B。根據最后一段第三句...students...listing one major on their college applications,but switching to another after taking college classes.所以第一句中的academic choices指的就是轉專業(yè)的事兒，因此選D。
35.【題干】The most suitable title for this text would be_.
【選項】
A.In Favor of the Gap Year
B.The ABCs of the Gap Year
C.The Gap Year Comes Back
D.The Gap Year:A Dilemma
【答案】A
【解析】第二段第一句話But while this may be true,it's not a good enough reason to condemn gap years.就用but句說明了全文就是想說間隔年你值得擁有。而選項中只有A選項in favor of是持正面積極態(tài)度的，因此選A。
Text 4
1Though often viewed as a problem for western states,the growing frequency of wildfires is a national concern because of its impact on federal tax dollars,says Professor Max Moritz,a specialist in fire ecology and management.
2In 2015,the US Forest Ser vice for the first time spent more than half of its$5.5 billion annual budget fighting fires－nearly double the percentage it spent on such efforts 20 years ago.In effect,fewer federal funds today are going towards the agency's other work－such as forest conservation,watershed and cultural resources management,and infrastructure upkeep－that affect the lives of all Americans.
3Another nationwide concern is whether public funds from other agencies are going into construction in fire-prone districts.As Moritz puts it,how often are federal dollars building homes that are likely to be lost to a wildfire?
4“It’s already a huge problem from a public expenditure perspective for the whole country,”he says.We need to take a magnifying glass to that.Like,“Wait a minute,is this OK?”“Do we want instead to redirect those funds to concentrate on lower-hazard par ts of the landscape?”
5Such a view would require a corresponding shift in the way US society today views fire,researchers say.
6For one thing,conversations about wildfires need to be more inclusive.Over the past decade,the focus has been on climate change－h(huán)ow the warming of the Earth from greenhouse gases is leading to conditions that worsen fires.
7While climate is a key element,Moritz says,it shouldn’t come at the expense of the rest of the equation.
8“The human systems and the landscapes we live on are linked,and the interactions go both ways,"he says.Failing to recognize that,he notes,leads to"an overly simplified view of what the solutions might be.Our perception of the problem and of what the solution is becomes very limited.”
9At the same time,people continue to treat fire as an event that needs to be wholly controlled and unleashed only out of necessi ty,says Professor Balch at the Univers ity of Colorado.But acknowledging fire's inevitable presence in human life is an attitude crucial to developing the laws,policies,and practices that make it as safe as possible,she says.
10“We’ve di sconnected ourselves from living with fire,”Balch says.“It is really important to understand and try and tease out what is the human connection with fire today.”
36.【題干】More frequent wildfires have become a national concern because in 2015 they.
【選項】
A．exhausted unprecedented management efforts B．consumed a record-high percentage of budget
C.severely damaged the ecology of western states
D.caused a huge rise of infrastructure expenditure
【答案】B
【解析】本題目是原因細節(jié)題。根據題干的關鍵詞wildfires和national concern，以及時間詞2015，定位到第二段首句。本句提到US花費了大量的budget，與選項B中的budget原詞復現，high是原文more than的同義轉化，consume同義替換原文spent。干擾項A的management是首段末句的人物Max Moritz的職位；選項C的western states是首段首句的though從句內容，和題干無關，屬于答非
所問；選項D的infrastructure是原文末尾的破折號里such as的內容，兩個破折號里面一定不選。
37.【題干】Moritz calls for the use of"a magnifying glass"to.
【選項】
A.raise more funds for fire-prone areas
B.avoid the redirection of federal money
C.find wildfire-free parts of the landscape D．guarantee safer spending of public funds
【答案】D
【解析】本題目為具體細節(jié)題。根據題干的關鍵詞a magnifying glass和大寫字母Moritz定位到第四段第二句，目的就是最后一句。本句提到“to redirect those funds”，基金重新引導，本段首句也提及a huge problem from...public expenditure。正確答案D的guarantee safer spending是對這兩句的完全概括，討論公共基金更好的花費問題。干擾項A提到fund，但未說raise more，添加無關內容；選項B與原文剛好相反，不是avoid避免；選項C是對原文lower-hazard parts of the landscape的偷換概念。
38.【題干】While admitting that climate is a key element,Moritz notes that.
【選項】
A．public debates have not settled yet B．fire-fighting conditions are improving C．other factors should not be overlooked
D．a shift in the view of fire has taken place
【答案】C
【解析】本題是文中人物觀點的細節(jié)題。根據題干的關鍵詞climate is a key element及大寫字母Moritz定位到第7段的內容。本句中Moritz提到“should not come at the expense of the equation”，不以平等的代價而來。正確答案A中的不應該忽視其他因素是對本句的同義轉化與概括。干擾項A的public debates來自第6段的the focus但未提及settle的話題，也非本題定位句；干擾項B的conditions是第6段的最后一句conditions that worsen fires，偷換動詞worsen與improving；選項D的a shift in the view of是出現在第五段，時態(tài)錯誤，原文是would require，選項是has taken place。
39.【題干】The overly simplified view Moritz mentions is a result of failing to.
【選項】
A.discover the fundamental makeup of nature
B.explore the mechanism of the human systems
C.maximize the role of landscape in human life D．understand the interrelations of man and nature
【答案】D
【解析】本題目為原因細節(jié)題。根據題干關鍵詞simplified view Moritz定位到第8段的首句，“the human systems and the landscapes...are linked and the interactions go both ways”,人類與環(huán)境是相聯(lián)系的，并且是相互作用的。正確答案D的interactions是原文的原詞復現，man and nature同義替換原文的human...and landscapes。干擾項A原文未提及；選項B的human systems是原詞，但是并無mechanism偷換概念；選項C的landscape和human是原詞出現，但添加無關信息maximize。
40.【題干】Professor Balch points out that fire is something man should.
【選項】
A.do away with
B.come to terms with
C.pay a price for
D.keep away from
【答案】B
【解析】本題目為文中人物觀點的細節(jié)題。根據題干的大寫字母Professor Balch和fire，man定位到最后一段的最后一句，“important to understand...human connection with fire”，人與火之間的聯(lián)系。正確答案B的意思是達成協(xié)議，符合原文。干擾項A的do away with是廢除；選項C的pay a price for是付出代價；選項D的keep away from遠離。
Part B Directions：
Read the following text and match each of the numbered items in the left column to its corresponding information in the right column.There are two extra choices in the right column.Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.（10 points）
The decline in American manufacturing is a common refrain,particularly from Donald Trump."We don't make anything anymore,"he told Fox News,while defending his own made-in-Mexico clothing line.
Without question,manufacturing has taken a significant hit during recent decades,and further trade deals raise questions about whether new shocks could hit manufacturing.
But there is also a different way to look at the data.
Across the countr y,factory owners are now grappling with a new challenge:instead of having too many workers,they may end up with too few.Despite trade competition and outsourci ng,American manufacturing still needs to replace tens of thousands of retiring boomers ever y years.Millennials may not be that interested in taking their place,other industries are recruiting them with similar or better pay.
For factory owners,it all adds up to stiff competition for workers－and upward pressure on wages."They're harder to find and they have job offers,"say s Jay Dunwell,president of Wolverine Coil Spring,a family-owned firm,"They may be coming[into the workforce],but they've been plucked by other industries that are also doing an well as manufacturing,"Mr.Dunwell has begun bringing high school juniors to the factory so they can get exposed to its culture.
At RoMan Manufacturing,a maker of electrical transformers and welding equipment that his father cofounded in 1980,Robert Roth keep a close eye on the age of his nearly 200 workers,five are retiring this year.Mr.Roth has three community-college students enrolled in a work-placement program,with a starting wage of$13 an hour that rises to$17 after two years.
At a worktable inside the transformer plant,young Jason Stenquist looks flustered by the copper coils he's trying to assemble and the arrival of two visitors.It's his first week on the job.Asked about his choice of career,he says at high school he considered medical school before switching to electrical engineering."I love working with tools.I love creating."he says.
But to win over these young workers,manufacturers have to clear another major hurdle:parents,who lived through the worst US economic downturn since the Great Depression,telling them to avoid the factory.Millennials"remember their father and mother both were laid off.They blame it on the manufacturing recession,"says Birgit Klohs,chief executive of The Right Place,a business development agency for western Michigan.
These concerns aren't misplaced:Employment in manufacturing has fallen from 17 million in 1970 to 12 million in 2013.When the recovery began,worker shortages first appeared in the high-skilled trades.Now shortages are appearing at the mid-skill levels.
"The gap is between the jobs that take to skills and those that require a lot of skill,"says
Rob Spohr,a business professor at Montcalm Community College."There're enough people to fill the jobs at McDonalds and other places where you don't need to have much skill.It's that gap in between,and that's where the problem is."
Julie Parks of Grand Rapids Community points to another key to luring Millennials into manufacturing:a work/life balance.While their parents were content to work long hours,young people value flexibility."Overtime is not attractive to this generation.They really want to live their lives,"she says.
41.根據題干人名Jay定位文中“They’re harder to find and they have job offers,”他們很難發(fā)現他們有工作邀請。harder對應選項stiff(艱難地)
42.根據題干人名Jason Stenquist對應文中“I love working with tools.I love creating,”he says.我愛與工具打交道，我喜歡創(chuàng)新，tool對應選項tool
43.根據題干人名Birgit Klohs，定位文中“remember their father and mother both were laid off.They blame it on the manufacturing recession,”記住他們的爸爸媽媽都下崗了，他們歸因于生產蕭條。文中blame對應選項blame
44.根據人名Rob Spohr,對應文中The gap is between the jobs that take no skills and those that require a lot of skill,”says Rob Spohr,工作之間的差距是那個不需要技能，而那些需要很多技能。文中skill對應選項skill（技能）
45.題干問Julie的觀點，對應文中“We’ve never had so much attention from manufacturers.”我從沒有得到過這么多來自制造商的注意，attraction對應選項attract（吸引）
Section III Translation Directions:
Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese.Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)
46.【題干】My Dream
My dream has always been to work somewhere in an area between fashion and publishing.Two years before graduating from secondary school,I took a sewing and design course thinking that I would move on to a fashion design course.However,during that course I realised that I was not good enough in this area to compete with other creative personalities in the future,so I decided that it was not the right path for me.Before applying for university I told everyone that I would study journalism,because writing was,and still is,one of my favourite activities.But,to be absolutely honest,I said it,because I thought that fashion and me together was just a dream
-I knew that no one,apart from myself,could imagine me in the fashion industry at all!
2017年英語二的翻譯題是一篇關于夢想的小短文，全文共5句話，前兩句話比較簡短且簡單，后三句較長，但難度也都不大。第一句話是個簡單句，“我的夢想一直是在時裝設計和出版領域找尋一份職業(yè)”。第二句話中，secondary school是“中學”短語move on to是“繼續(xù)做某事，轉移到”，全句的意思是“在我中學畢業(yè)的兩年前，我曾選修了一門“縫紉和設計”的課程，thinking that做了非謂語動詞的結構并且起到伴隨狀語的作用，翻譯為“并以為我能再繼續(xù)去修一門”時裝設計“的課程”第三句話中，前半句是主語，謂語加賓語從句，后面是so引導的結果狀語從句，during that course是時間狀語，I是主語，realised是謂語動詞，that引導賓語從句，其中personalities不能理解為個性，品格，在文中應該指名人，精英，人才，so引導的結果狀語從句中也是主語，謂語加賓語從句的結構，全句的意思是“然
而，就在整個學習過程中，我意識到，我將來在這個領域是無法與那些富于創(chuàng)新精神的精英人才相比的。于是，我斷定這條路行不通”。第四句話中，Before applying for university是時間狀語，that引導賓語從句，because引導原因狀語從句，本句的難點在于writing was,and still is,one of my favorite act ivi ties這一部分中was和is的翻譯方法，表示過去和將來的狀態(tài)，ap ply for是申請的意思，journalism要翻譯成“新聞學”不能直譯為“新聞業(yè)，新聞工作”，本句的意思是“在申請上大學之前，我對所有人講:我想學新聞學，因為，寫作曾經是并且現在也一直是我最喜歡的事情之一。”最后一句主句是主謂賓結構I said it，后面是because引導原因狀語從句，從句中是I thought that主謂加賓從結構，此句難點在于fashion and me together was just a dream的譯法，不能直譯，要意譯為“我認為從事時裝設計不過是一個夢想”，apart from是“除了”的意思，結合上文fashion industry也可意譯為“時裝設計”，所以全句的意思是“但是，說實話，我之所以這樣說，是因為我認為從事時裝設計不過是我的一個夢想，我也知道，除了我之外，沒有人能想象出我會從事時裝設計的工作。”
參考譯文：我的夢想
我的夢想一直是在時裝設計和出版領域找尋一份工作。在我中學畢業(yè)的兩年前，我選修了一門“縫紉和設計”課程，并且以為我能再繼續(xù)學習一個時裝設計的課程。然而，就在這個課程的學習過程中，我意識到，將來在這個領域，我是無法與那些富于創(chuàng)新精神的精英們相比的。于是，我斷定這條路行不通。在申請上大學之前，我對所有人都講，我想學新聞學，因為，寫作曾經是并且現在也一直是我最喜歡的事情之一。但是，說實話，我之所以這樣說，是因為我認為從事時裝設計不過是我的一個夢想，我也知道，除了我之外，沒有人能想象出我會從事時裝設計的工作。
Section IV Writing
Part A
51 Directions:
Suppose you are invited by Professor Williams to give a presentation about Chinese culture to a group of international students.Write a reply to
1）Accept the invitation,and
2）Introduce the key points of your presentation.You should write neatly on the ANWSER SHEET.
Do not sign you own name at the end of the letter,use“Li Ming”instead.Do not write the address.(10 points)
范文：
Dear Professor Williams,
I feel really delighted and honored to be invited by you to give a presentation to the foreign students,and I will certainly be careful to prepare for the making of it.
To let the overseas students know much about our Chinese culture,I think that my presentation is supposed to include at least two key points.On the one hand,I will put much stress on the history of China.You must know that our China is an ancient country with a pretty long history.On the other hand,my second strong point should be put on the main diet in China.The reason is that Chinese people in different regions have totally different inclination to choose food and Chinese food everywhere is quite delicious.
Those two points are what I would like to emphasize,and I would like to know of your opinions on this and I wish you could give me some further ideas on it.I am looking forward to your reply.Thank you.
Yours sincerely,
Li Ming
試題解析
今年的小作文可謂既特別又不特別。特別之處在于歷史上試題從來沒有提及過presentation寫法相關的話題被提到且并非直接考察邀請，而是考察對于邀請的回復；而并不特別的地方在于考察形式非常穩(wěn)定，依然是書信，這個類別是平時考生除了拿出10%的精力在告示類題目上之外依然需要90%的精力去復習的內容。
此書信從內容上看與2012年英語一試題小作文的寫法如出一轍，2012年的試題是要求給留學生提出
一些校園生活的建議。而2017年的這一篇非常技巧性地拐了兩個小彎，一個是邀請信不直接考而考察回復的句型，另一個是表面上是做presentation的準備而實質上在表達上完全是建議信的套路。
從該書信的稱呼來看，屬于知道對方姓名且知其職業(yè)或身份，那么如果寫成Dear Sir or Madam,或者To Whom It May Concern，是不合理的，而且直呼其名不加頭銜也同樣不合適，因此要使用Dear Professor Williams.注意這幾個單詞全部都需要大寫開頭字母。尤其大家直接用筆來寫的時候，一定要盡量突出首字母。
該書信首段需要表達對于威廉姆斯教授的邀請的接受，由于考綱明文規(guī)定除關鍵詞外任何字詞都最好不要照抄，因此如果為了避免照抄accept這個詞，可以首先表達高興和榮幸的心情，然后直接說自己一定會好好準備。
第二自然段實際上就是建議信，一般大家都會寫對別人的建議，而這封信相當于給自己寫建議，分
條列款寫出presentation的內容，但是千萬不要忘記分別解釋原因，因為如果單純寫內容會是什么而不寫原因，會讓內容顯得非常沒有邏輯，且更加現實的一個理由是，不解釋原因很可能導致文章的字數會不夠。而考生在思考具體內容落腳點的時候，應該盡量選取比較簡單的詞匯和比較好擴展原因的方面，比如中國的歷史文化、飲食文化等等，這樣一來我們的文章會更加有話可說。
而第三段則可以作一個小總結。最后期待一下對方的建議和回復即可。落款：Yours sincerely,特別提醒sincerely后面逗號不能丟；
簽名：Li Ming特別注意Ming后面一定不能出現句點。落款和前面左、右對齊都可以。
52.Directions:
Write your essay on ANSWER SHEET.(15 points)You should
1)interpret the chart,and
2)give your comments.
You should write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET.(15points)
The chart shows great changes in the number of museums and their visitors during the period from 2013 to 2015.According to the data given,what we cannot fail to see is that there is a sharp growth in the amounts of museums from 4165 to 4697 over the period from 2013 to 2015,while it is also pronounced that the number of their visitors increased sharply from 637.8 million
to 781.1 million during this period.
At least two fundamental factors could be identified to contribute to this phenomenon.To begin with,it is widely admitted that with the rapid economic development in the whole social climate has been the dramatically upgraded living standard,which results in the common phenomenon that people in gro wing numbers can afford the once-deemed-expensiv e experience.In addition,there is no denying that the authorities concerned have issued a series of preferential policies to protect and promote the development of cultural industry,which encourages a widespread extension of visitors.
From what has been discussed above,we may safely draw the conclusion that this trend will certainly maintain for quite a while in the near future,which will be of great benefits to our country and individual as well.
解析：
今年的大作文備考方向和我們壓的方向完全相同，具體體現在幾下幾方面。
第1、出題形式。2015年和2016年連續(xù)兩年考到的是餅狀圖，所以預測中我們已經講到今年第一備選題型為柱狀圖和折線圖（這兩種圖形屬于同一種描述方式），而今年考得是折線圖，正中押題中心。
第2、考試內容：英語二的考試內容一般為社會正向風氣的拓展和人數的增加而今年又正中下懷。此外今年的話題方向其實和試題的出題方向也是一致的，如2010年發(fā)展中-發(fā)達國家手機訂閱量發(fā)展、2011年2008,2009年國內轎車市場品牌市場份額以及2015年我國某市居民春節(jié)假期花銷比例的出題方向完全相同。
第3、下面我們來解析今年的大作文這一部分
首先，拿到圖表，我們應該觀察其主要特征。在以往課堂中我們講到柱狀圖和折線圖主要描寫事物變化趨勢。所以，第一段第一句話總寫圖表是關于什么的，第二三句分寫細節(jié)。
其次，第二段我們一般進行分析原因論述，為什么會有上圖現象。一般會包含兩到三點。最后一段一般是三種情況，包括總結，解決措施和預測趨勢。其中預測趨勢最為簡單明了。具體范文如上，大家可以參考。
以上就是【2017年考研英語二試題及答案解析】的全部解答，如果你想學習更多考研相關知識，歡迎大家前往高頓教育官網考研頻道！