CMA（P1）備***——Ethics

　　E.1.1. Recently Fan Club Inc. submitted a budget for the coming year to management. Included in the budget were the plans for a new product, a rechargeable fan. The new fan will not only last longer than the competitor’s product but is also more quiet. While not yet approved, the budget called for aggressive advertising to support its sales targets, as the business community was not yet aware that Fan Club was close to production of a new fan. A member of the management accounting staff “shared” the budget with a distributor. In accordance with IMA’s “Statement of Ethical Professional Practice,” which one of the following would best represent an ethical conflict in this situation?
　　A. The budget has not been approved and therefore is not for publication.
　　B. The price has not been established, so expectations must be managed.
　　C. The staff member exposed the company to a potential lawsuit.
　　D. The employee should refrain from disclosing confidential information.
　　E.1.2. Shelly Smith, CMA, is the consumer electronics buyer for a major chain of department stores. His department’s gross profit margin is monitored by senior management on a quarterly basis. When Smith thinks he may have trouble making the gross profit goal for a quarter, he may claim unauthorized charge-backs on merchandise invoices from the manufacturer. A retailer may obtain specific authorization from the manufacturer to deduct (charge-back) from the invoice for damaged goods, goods returned by customers, mistakes in shipping, and similar specific reasons. In accordance with IMA’s Statement of Ethical Professional Practice, which one of the following statements is most correct?
　　A. Smith is violating the Confidentiality standard by informing the manufacturer of the value and reason(s) for the charge-backs.
　　B. b. Smith is violating the Credibility standard by communicating erroneous information. The charge-back he claimed had not been approved by the manufacturer.
　　C. Smith is violating the Competence standard, because the Fair Trade Commission (FTC) has established regulations prohibiting charge-backs which are not approved by the vendor.
　　D. The unauthorized charge-backs do not violate IMA’s Statement, or any other ethics policy. At worst, the charge-backs will be reversed in a future period.
　　E.1.3. If an accountant’ immediate supervisor instructs the accountant to withhold essential but unpleasant information in a management report, the accountant should
　　A. do as the supervisor asks and tell no one
　　B. refuse to do as the supervisor asks and alert an investigative reporter to the problem
　　C. take the matter to the supervisor’s immediate supervisor
　　D. take the matter directly to the corporate ombudsman