Financial Reporting and Analysis
 
FSA-01
describe the roles of the key financial statements (statement of financial position, statement of comprehensive income, statement of changes in equity, and statement of cash flows) in *uating a company’s performance and financial position;
describe the importance of financial statement notes and supplementary information —including disclosures of accounting policies, methods, and estimates— and management’s commentary;
  
        常見的財務報告
  Financialfootnotes
  Providesinformation that is essential to understanding the information provided in theprimary statements可以幫助更好地理解主報表中的內容.
  Disclose thebasis of preparation for the financial statements(如IFRS準則之下)
  Discloseaccounting policies, methods and estimates
  Management’sDiscussion and Analysis
  注意,這里的考核方式就是會問哪個信息是應該被包含在MD&A,FOOTNOTES中的。
  
        Audit’s reports
  概念:The company’sannual reports are required to be audited by an independent accounting firm.必須是獨立的第三方的審計機構。
  目標:To obtainreasonable assurance that financial statement is free from materialmisstatement.注意是在合理范圍內確保沒有重大錯誤,那么絕對確保沒有一點點錯誤這樣的說法就是不對的(not absoluteassurance about the accuracy of F/S表,因為審計只是using audit sampling techniques),注意辨析!
  分類: unqualifiedaudit opinion, qualified auditopinion,adverse opinion
  According toSarbanes-Oxley Act, auditors must also express an opinion on the company’sinternal control system. 同時要出具公司內控狀況的意見
  Proxy statements
  Information onmanagement and director compensation高管的薪酬
  Company stockperformance, issuance of stock options
  Potentialconflicts of interest between management, the board and shareholders.
  Election of boardmembers, management qualifications

        高頓正能量:自暴自棄便是命運的奴隸,自強不息是生命的天使;我不想用別人的汗水澆灌自己的心靈,我愿意用別人的棉襖,來溫暖自己的軀體。我只想堂堂正正的做人,我只愿光明磊落做事,該記得的我不會遺忘,該遺忘的我不會存放。

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