Financial Reporting and Analysis
FSA-01 | describe the roles of the key financial statements (statement of financial position, statement of comprehensive income, statement of changes in equity, and statement of cash flows) in *uating a company’s performance and financial position; |
describe the importance of financial statement notes and supplementary information —including disclosures of accounting policies, methods, and estimates— and management’s commentary; |
常見的財務(wù)報告 Financialfootnotes
Providesinformation that is essential to understanding the information provided in theprimary statements可以幫助更好地理解主報表中的內(nèi)容.
Disclose thebasis of preparation for the financial statements(如IFRS準則之下)
Discloseaccounting policies, methods and estimates
Management’sDiscussion and Analysis
注意,這里的考核方式就是會問哪個信息是應(yīng)該被包含在MD&A,FOOTNOTES中的。
Audit’s reports
概念:The company’sannual reports are required to be audited by an independent accounting firm.必須是獨立的第三方的審計機構(gòu)。
目標:To obtainreasonable assurance that financial statement is free from materialmisstatement.注意是在合理范圍內(nèi)確保沒有重大錯誤,那么絕對確保沒有一點點錯誤這樣的說法就是不對的(not absoluteassurance about the accuracy of F/S表,因為審計只是using audit sampling techniques),注意辨析!
分類: unqualifiedaudit opinion, qualified auditopinion,adverse opinion
According toSarbanes-Oxley Act, auditors must also express an opinion on the company’sinternal control system. 同時要出具公司內(nèi)控狀況的意見
Proxy statements
Information onmanagement and director compensation高管的薪酬
Company stockperformance, issuance of stock options
Potentialconflicts of interest between management, the board and shareholders.
Election of boardmembers, management qualifications
高頓正能量:海浪為劈風(fēng)斬浪的航船餞行,為隨波逐流的輕舟送葬。