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　　Troubled Debt Restructurings
　　A troubled debt restructuring is one in which the creditor allows the debtor certain concessions to improve the likelihood of collection that would not be considered under normal circumstances.
　　參〈企業(yè)會計準則第12號-債務(wù)重組〉
　　Accounting and Reporting by Debtor
　　If settle debt by transfer of assets
　　Recognize ordinary Gain=FV of asset–NBV of asset
　　Recognize restructuring gain=Carrying of debt–FV of asset
　　If settle debt by transfer of equity interest
　　Recognize restructuring gain=Carrying of debt–FV of equity transferred
　　If settle debt by modification of terms
　　When the total future cash payments are less than the carrying amount，the debtor should reduce the carrying amount accordingly and recognize the difference as a gain.
　　Accounting and reporting by creditors
　　A loan restructured in a trouble debt restructuring is an impaired loan. Must recognize impairment.
　　If receipt of assets or equity，the excess of the recorded receivable over the fair value of the asset received is recognized as an ordinary loss.
　　If modification of terms，the total future cash payments are less than the carrying amount is recognized as bad debt expenses.

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