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　　Conceptual framework
　　A conceptual framework can be seen as a statement of generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) that form a frame of reference for the *uation of existing practices and the development of new ones. As the purpose of financial reporting is to provide useful information as a basis for economic decision making, a conceptual framework will form a theoretical basis for determining how transactions should be measured (historical value or current value) and reported – ie how they are presented or communicated to users.
　　The lack of a conceptual framework led to a proliferation of ‘rules-based’ accounting systems whose main objective is that the treatment of all accounting transactions should be dealt with by detailed specific rules or requirements. Such a system is very prescriptive and inflexible, but has the attraction of financial statements being more comparable and consistent.
　　By contrast, the availability of a conceptual framework could lead to ‘principles-based’ system whereby accounting standards are developed from an agreed conceptual basis with specific objectives.
　　This brings us to the International Accounting Standards Board’s (IASB) The Conceptual Framework for Financial Reporting (the Framework), which is in essence the IASB’s interpretation of a conceptual framework and in the process of being up dated. The main purpose of the Framework is to:
　　·  assist in the development of future IFRS and the review of existing standards by setting out the underlying concepts
　　·  promote harmonisation of accounting regulation and standards by reducing the number of per mitted alternative accounting treatments
　　·  assist the preparers of financial statements in the application of IFRS , which would include dealing with accounting transaction s for which there is not (yet ) an accounting standard.
　　The Framework is also of value to auditors, and the users of financial statements, and more generally help interested parties to understand the IASB’s approach to the formulation of an accounting standard.