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　　Put very simply, the way to approach the P1 exam is to read carefully the articles written by the examiner, read the OpenTuition course notes, read them again, and again!
　　In other words, become totally familiar with the concepts until you reach the stage where you feel able to answer any of the “standard” questions which he has asked since the P1 paper was introduced into the syllabus in 2007 ethics
　　adopt the approach of asking yourself “What would a saint do in these circumstances?”
　　hopefully, that should not represent too much of a mental leap for most of you!corporate governance?
　　learn the “standard” matters which seem to appear on a recurrent basis
　　dominant head of the company
　　no split of the positions Chief Executive Officer ( CEO ) and Chair
　　no internal auditors
　　major risk appetite
　　disregard of other stake-holders
　　too few non-executive directors ( neds )
　　incompetent neds
　　non-independence of neds
　　these do not represent an exhaustive list of “standard” matters but indicate the sort of point which appears to be relevant to many of the questions 1 so far examined since 2007
　　by reading two or three of the suggested solutions in the revision kit you should pretty quickly get a good idea of the sort of points which should represent easy marks
　　leave a line between your paragraphs
　　work on the principle that each point deserves its own sentence and each sentence should contain just ONE markable point
　　short sharp paragraphs – effectively just one sentence – you have only 1.3 minutes to write a sentence if you have correctly allocated the right length of time to the planning exercise
　　BEWARE the verb used in the question – it indicates the form and content of your answer
　　adopt proper style – if the question asks for a report, answer in the form of a report!  There are typically 3 to 4 “professional” marks available for the style and quality of a report / memo / letter
　　they will not all necessarily score, but a good proportion of them should be persuasive enough for the marker to give you credit
　　remember, 25 marks needs 25 different points
　　“Have I planned enough points to score the available marks?”
　　plan your answers ( number of marks per question ( or part of question ) divided by 2 = the number of minutes you should devote to planning what to write )
　　so, allocate your time, and then stick to that time allocation!
　　basic exam technique principles apply, just as much here as they did in earlier exams
　　common sense? I should say so!
　　and the more valid points you make, the more marks you will score!
　　remember, each valid, relevant point that you make will score a mark
　　“But the pass rate percentage can be down in the low 30s. Why is it so low?”
　　reluctance on the part of non-natural-English-speaking students to write enough points
　　failing to write the obvious points – because they are so obvious
　　misallocation of time chasing too few marks for too many minutes
　　not reading the question carefully enough and therefore failing to address the question requirements
　　I personally believe that there are a number of contributory factors including, in no particular sequence:
　　the solution?
　　finally, write out your answer
　　re-read and ask yourself “If I write down in answer form what I have planned, will that answer the question which has been set and, crucially, will it answer the entire question ( all parts of the question )?”
　　plan your answers
　　read the questions carefully and make sure you fully appreciate what the question is asking
　　beware that little word “and” as in “Identify and explain ….” – that‘s two questions and each element will have marks allocated to it – some for identification and some for explanation
　　that type of question can easily be answered in columnar form – the left hand column for the identification and the right hand column for the explanation
　　you could even turn your answer booklet on its side in order that you can more clearly set out the explanation
　　I believe the professional accountant paper to be, in large part, common sense
　　for example, you may be asked what procedures you could recommend to a board of directors about the management of risk ( TARA model )
　　think practicalities – even though you may have no particularly relevant experience, you are still an under-graduate of the University of Life!
　　remember, NO MORE THAN 1.8 MINUTES PER MARK
　　clearly identify at the start of each question the number of the question in the paper and start every answer on a new page
　　the examiners like the answers to be subdivided into sections with appropriate headings