我們?cè)?u>ACCA考試科目F3的學(xué)習(xí)中經(jīng)常會(huì)遇到一些長(zhǎng)相相似但意義截然不同的詞組,高頓小編現(xiàn)把它們歸納為F3易混雙胞胎系列,通過(guò)對(duì)比幫助大家更好的理解并記憶。ACCA題庫(kù),戳:ACCA題庫(kù)【手機(jī)可刷+全球題庫(kù)】(按照知識(shí)點(diǎn)進(jìn)行分類配題,有知識(shí)點(diǎn)沒(méi)有搞懂,無(wú)法解鎖,直至掌握,目前階段免費(fèi))
  owed to vs owed from
  owed to后面跟的是債主,是應(yīng)該收錢的人;
  owed from后面跟的是欠錢的人;
  e.g.
  He owed money to many people;the number was probably in the thousands.
  Thousands of people were owed money from him.
  他欠了很多人的錢,他的債主可能有幾千人。
  due to vs due from
  due to后面跟的是債主,是應(yīng)該收錢的人;
  due from后面跟的是欠錢的人;
  e.g.
  Have they been paid the money due to them?
  Have they been paid the money due from others?
  他們是否已經(jīng)得到了別人欠他們的錢?
  ※F3中的due to還有“因?yàn)椤⒂捎?rdquo;的意思,表示要尋找原因。
  Due to some errors,the total amount of the trial balance’s debit side was not equaled to the credit side.
  mark up on cost
  vs
  mark up on sales price
  e.g.
  1)A sold goods to B at a price of$10,000.The profit mark-up was 40%on the sales prices.
  mark up on sales price意味著sales=100%,profit=40%,cost=100%-40%=60%
  所以sales=10,000,profit=40%*10,000=4,000,cost=60%*10,000=6,000
  2)A sold goods to B at a price of$10,000.The profit mark-up was 40%on the cost.
  mark up on cost意味著cost=100%,profit=40%,sales=cost+profit=140%
  所以sales=10,000,cost=10,000*100%/140%=7143,profit=10,000*40%/140%=2857
  Invoice vs receipts
  Invoice是發(fā)票,是賣方用來(lái)提醒買方所須付的金額;
  receipt是收據(jù),也是賣方給買方的。用來(lái)證明買方已經(jīng)付了錢;
  兩者間的區(qū)別在于:
  invoice是買方還沒(méi)付款(欠錢)時(shí)給的;
  receipt是買方付了錢后給的。
  如果你付了錢后,賣方還說(shuō)你沒(méi)付,這時(shí)就拿出receipt來(lái)證明自己的“清白”。
  e.g.
  1)We will then send you an invoice for the total course fees.
  然后我們會(huì)把全部課程費(fèi)用的發(fā)票寄給你。
  2)We will write you a receipt after we receive the money.
  我們收到錢后會(huì)給你寫一張收錢的收條。
  carriage inward vs carriage outward
  首先carriage意味著是運(yùn)費(fèi),那么我們要分辨inward和outward:
  in代表進(jìn)入,意味著我們把東西運(yùn)進(jìn)來(lái),所以是貨物進(jìn)入企業(yè)產(chǎn)生的運(yùn)費(fèi),入成本;
  out代表離去,意味著我們把東西運(yùn)出去,所以是貨物運(yùn)出企業(yè)產(chǎn)生的運(yùn)費(fèi),入費(fèi)用。
  return inward vs return outward
  首先return意味著是退回,結(jié)合上述inward和outward,我們可以總結(jié)出:
  Return inward是退回這個(gè)動(dòng)作導(dǎo)致貨物進(jìn)入,表明是作為賣方收到客戶退貨,所以是銷售退貨;
  Return outward是退回這個(gè)動(dòng)作導(dǎo)致貨物流出,表明是作為買方把貨物退給供應(yīng)商,所以是采購(gòu)?fù)素洝?/div>
  debit note vs credit note
  我們F3中學(xué)習(xí)的debit note是買方申請(qǐng)退貨,向賣方發(fā)出的憑單;
  credit note是賣方同意退貨,向買方發(fā)出的憑單。
  在國(guó)際業(yè)務(wù)中,debit note是借記單,表示收款方向繳款方開出的票據(jù),所以是
  收錢方create debit note and invoice付錢方create credit note
  e.g.
  A公司向我買東西,A公司是付款方。我公司開debit note給A公司,可以理解為催款通知書。A公司收到我公司的debit note后,就可以開credit note返回我公司,表示付款通知,我公司收到后開invoice給A公司。
  NRV vs NBV
  Physical count of inventory
  vs
  continuous inventory count
  Physical count of inventory定期盤存制,只記錄增加,年末盤點(diǎn),倒推出減少數(shù)
  continuous inventory count永續(xù)盤存制,設(shè)置數(shù)量金額式明細(xì),逐日逐筆登記。ACCA題庫(kù),戳:ACCA題庫(kù)【手機(jī)可刷+全球題庫(kù)】(按照知識(shí)點(diǎn)進(jìn)行分類配題,有知識(shí)點(diǎn)沒(méi)有搞懂,無(wú)法解鎖,直至掌握,目前階段免費(fèi))
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